??????????£º???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????, ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????, ????? ????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????

????, ?? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????, ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ????????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?????????????, ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???, ??? ????? ????????, ??????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????

?? ??????? ?????????, ?????? ???, ???????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? "??????? ????" ?????? ?????????? ??????, ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ????

copper ore

????? ???¡¯? ??????????

????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????, ???????? ??? ????? (??????????) ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????, ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??? ???? ????:

??????? ????????

??????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ??% ??? ???? ???????????? ????

????????? (CuFeS2)

Appearance: ???? ????-??? ???????, ?? ???? ?????????? ?????

???????? ?????????: ??????? ???????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????, ??????? ???????????? ???? ????????

??????? (Cu2FeS4)

Appearance: ??????-??? ?????? ??????-??? ?????

???????? ?????????: ???? ?????, ??????? ?????????????? ???? ????????? ???; ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????

????????? (Cu2S)

Appearance: ?? dark ? ????-????, ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????, ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????

???????? ?????????: ??? ??.?% ???? ??????, ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ????

?????????? (CuS)

Appearance: ???????-??? ??

???????? ?????????: ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????

Types of Copper Ore-Sulfide Ores

??????? ????

???????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????, ??????? "??????? ??????" ?? ??????? ???? ????

???????? (Cu2CO3(OH)2)

Appearance: ???? ???????-????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????, ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????

???????? ?????????: ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????, ???? ???? ????-????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ???, ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????

??????? (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2)

Appearance: ??? ?????-????, ????? ??? ?????? ??

???????? ?????????: ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???, ??????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????

¡¾???????????¡¿

Appearance: ???? ???? ???-????

???????? ?????????: ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????

????????? (Cu2O)

Appearance: ??? ???? ?? dark ???, ???? ?? ??????????? ??????

???????? ?????????: ???? ????????? ?????? ????, ???????? ???????? ????

??????? (CuO)

Appearance: ????-????, ??????? ????? ???; ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ????

???????? ?????????: ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ????????

Types of Copper Ore-Oxide Ores

??????????? ????? ????? ??????????

??????????? ????? ????? "???? ?????????, ??????? ?????" ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ~??.?? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ~??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??% ????? ??????? ?????????? ???, ????? ????? ???? ???? ??% ???? ???; ????? ????? ?????? (????, ????, ??????) ????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????

??????? ???? ?????? ? ??????? (USGS ????, ???: ??,??? ??)

???? ???/????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????
1 ???? 550.7 (23.9%) 530 (23.0%) 19,000 (19%)
2 ???? ????? 284 (12.3%) 330 (14.3%) 3,100 (3.5%)
3 ???? 273.6 (11.9%) 260 (11.3%) 7,700 (8.8%)
4 ??? 180 (7.8%) 180 (7.8%) 2,600 (2.9%)
5 ??????????? 110 (4.8%) 110 (4.8%) 2,400 (2.7%)
6 ???????????? 110 (4.8%) 110 (4.8%) 4,800 (5.5%)
7 ??????? 93 (4.0%) 93 (4.0%) 7,700 (8.8%)
8 ???????????? 80 (3.5%) 80 (3.5%) 9,300 (10%)
9 ?????????? 74 (3.2%) 74 (3.2%) 2,400
10 ???????? 70 (3.0%) 70 (3.0%) 5,300 (6.1%)

???????? ???? ????????? (?????????? ????, ?????: ??,??? ??)

???? ???/????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????
1 ???? ????? 330 3,100
2 ????????? 74 2,100-3,500
3 ?????? ??????? ≈5 600
4 ?????? ≈3 500
5 ????????? ~2 60-100
6 ????????? ≈1.5 30-50
7 ???????? 1.5 20-30
8 ?????????? ~1 20-30

???? ?? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????

????????? ??????? ???? ????, ?????????????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????, ????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????

???????

????? ???? ????????? ??????

Exploration

Objective:

???????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????, ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ????

?? ?????????:

  • ??????? ??????: ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????, ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????
  • ????? ??????? ? ??????????: ????????? ??????????? ???? ?????
  • ?????????/????????? ????: ???????? ??????????/?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????
  • Drilling: ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????
  • ????? ?????????: ????, ????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??? 2D/3D ???? ???? ?????

KeyDeliverable:

???? ?????/??????? ????????


?. ????????? ? ??????

????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ???

Planning & Design

Objective:

???????, ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????

?? ?????????:

  • ?????????? ???????: ????????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????
  • Permitting & Financing: ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????
  • Mine Design: ????????? ?????????, ????????, ??? ?????? (???? ???/??-??????)? ???????? ??????, ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????
  • Site Preparation: ???????? ??????, ?????? ???? ????, ??? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????

Deliverable:

?????????? ?????? ?????????, ??? ????


?. ???????

?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ???

Construction-Transforming

Objective:

????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????

?? ?????????:

Procurement: ???????, ?? ???, ???????? ???, ???, ???????, ?????, ????, ??????????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????

Civil Works: ???? ????????, ??????, ?????? ??????, ???????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ???? (??????) ?? ???? ?????????? ?????

??????? ?????? ??? ???????:

  • ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????, ????, ????????, ????? ??????, ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????
  • ????????, ?????????, ??? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????
  • ???-?????? ???????: ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????
  • ??? ???????: ????/????? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????

Deliverable:

??? ?? ???????? ??????????


?. ??????? ? ????????????

????????? ?????? ?????? ???????

Operation & Maintenance

Objective:

??????, ?????????, ???????, ?? ???? ?????????

?? ?????????:

?? ?????? ??? ?????:

    • ??????? ? ?????????: ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????
    • ????? ? ??????: ??????????/????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????

Production: ???????, ??????????, ????? separation , ????? ???????, ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???? (???????? ????, ??????? ???, ???????? ????, ?????? ?????)?

Maintenance: ??????? ????????, ????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????

?????? ??????????: ???????? ?????, ????????? ??????, ??? ??????????? ??????; ???????????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????????: ????????, ?????????, PPE, ??? ????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????


?. ??????? ? ??????????

????? ???????? ???????

Sales & Logistics

Deliverable:

?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????

Objective:

?????, ??????, ??????-??????? ????? ?????????

?? ?????????:

  • ?????? ????????: ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??? Sampling/?????????/????????
  • ??????? ??????: ????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???????
  • ??????????? ??????: ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????/???/???? ?????? ??????

Deliverable:

??? ?????????


?. ??????? ??????????? ??? ESG

???????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????????

Tailings Management & ESG

Objective:

?????????, ???????? ????????, ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????

?? ?????????:

  • ??????? ????????: ???????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? (??????) ? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ????
  • TSF Management: ????? ???????????, ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????; ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????
  • ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????, ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????, ???????, ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????, ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????????? ????
  • Ecological Rehabilitation: ????? ?????? ???????? ??, TSF ???? ???? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ???????????? ????????

?????? ???? ????????????? ??????????????

?? ???????? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???, ?? ???? ??????, ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???????

??????? ???? ???????? (??????? ??????)

Applicability:

??????? ????????? (????????????, ???????, ?????????) ???? ???????????? ??????, ?? ???????? 80% ??????? ???????? ???? ????

Principle:

?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??-?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ????

?????????? ??????:

  • 1. ???? ????/???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????
  • ?. ?????: ???????? ???? ?????
  • ?. ???????? ???: ?????? ????? ????? ????
  • ?. ???????????: ??????? Cu ?????? ???? ?????????? ????
  • ?. ???? ????????: ??????????? ??????????? ???? ????

sulfide ore flotation

??????? ???? ???? ????? (?????????????????)

Applicability:??????? ???? (????????, ???????), ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????

Principle:????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? (????, ????? H2SO4), ????? ????/??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????

Advantages:?? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???, ???? ???????? ???????: ????? ??????, ???? ??????????

?????????? ??????:

  • 1.??? ?????: ????????? ???? ????? ????
  • ?. ????? ?????: ???????? ??? ???? ????
  • ?. ?????? ????????: SX-EW ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????
Oxide Ore Acid Leaching(Hydrometallurgy)

??????????? ???????

Applicability: ???? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ?????

Principle: ???????/??????????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????

Advantages: ??????????????????: ????? ???????, ?? ??????????

?????????? ??????:

  • 1.???????: ????, ?????? ?????, ??????
  • 2.Feed preparation: crush → screen → gravity circuit.
  • ?. ????? ??????? ??????: ?????? ??????

Gravity Separation

?????-????????????? ????? ???????

????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ???:

???? ?????????:

????????????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????

copper ore Value Realization

????? ??????:

????????? ?????? ???? Gold, Silver, Molybdenum ??????? ?????????? ?????

Copper Ore Value Realization

????? ????????:

?????????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????

Copper Ore Value Realization

??? ???????:

?????????? ??? ?????? ????, ??? ????, ?????? ??????? ????

Copper Ore Value Realization

??????? ???????

Copper Ore Processing Plant

??????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????

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??? ??????????:

  • ????? ??????? ????
  • ??????? ??? ????????????????? ????? ???
  • ???? ?????????? ????? ???? ????
  • ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????
  • ?????????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???