??????????：?? ???????? ????? ?? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???, ?????? ?? ?????????, ????????????? ??????, ?????????? ??????, ??????? ??????????, ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????
????? ?? ????????????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ? ??????????????? ??????, ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ???????????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????-????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????, ????????????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????
?? ????????? ????? ?? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???, ?????? ?????? ?????????, ????????????? ??????, ?????????? ??????, ????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????????????? ???? ??? ???????
????? ???? ?????????
????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???:
- Hematite: ????-??????? ???? ???? ?????? 70% ????? ?????
- Magnetite: ?????? 72% ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????????
- Limonite: Contains 55-60% iron.
- Siderite: ?????? ??% ???? ???????
????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????, ??????????, ??????, ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????
???? ???? ??????????? ??????
- ???? ?????? ??????: ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????????
- Remove impurities: ??????, ??????????, ??????, ?????, ??? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?????
- ??????? ??????? ????? ????: ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???? ????? ?????
- ??????????? ?????????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????????, ????????? ??? ????????? ????? ?????
??? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??????????
???? ????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????: Crushing → ?????????? → Classification → Concentration → Dewatering → Pelletizing or Sintering
???? ????? ????
???? ????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????????, ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ????
Primary Crushing: ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? 150 ???? ??????? ? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???, ?? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????????? ?????? ?????
Secondary Crushing: ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? 20-50 ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ???, ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???????????????? ????????? ????
2. ??????????
????? ??, ?????? ??????? (???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????) ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? 80% 200 ????? ??????? ??? ??? (??????? 75 ???????) ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????
???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????, ?? ????? ???????? ???????????????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????
?. ??????? ??? ???????????
???? ??????? ??, ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ????????????? ???? ????? ???? ????
- Screening: ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????, ??????????????? ?????? ????? ????
- Classification: ??????????????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????
???? ????????? ??? ????????????? ???? ???? ??????????? ??????????????? ???? ??? ????????? ???, ???????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????
?. ???? ?????? ???????????
??????????? ?? ??? ????????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????
- ???????????? ????????: ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ????
- ?????? ????????: ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????
- Flotation: ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??????
???????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???, ???? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ????
5. ????????
?????????????? ???, ???????? ???? ????? ????????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????, ?? ????????, ?????? ??? ??? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????
- Thickening: ???????? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???, ????????? ??????
- Filtration: ?????????? ?? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ???, ?????? ????? 10% ?? ?????
??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??-????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????
6. ?????????? ?? ?????????
??????, ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????
- Pelletizing: ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ????, ????? ????? ??? ????????????? ??????, ?? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ??????
- Sintering: ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? sinter ???? ????, ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???????
?? ?????????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????
?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????
?. ??????????? ???????
??????????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????
Principle: ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? (???????????, ????????) ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????
??????????:
- Jigs: ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? Shaking Tables: ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????
- Spiral Concentrators: ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????
- Applications: ??????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????, ???? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????????? ????
2. ?????????? ????????
?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????
Principle: ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????, ????? ?-?????????? ????? ???? ????????? ????
?????????? ?????????? ??????:
- ??-????????? ?????????? ???????? (LIMS): ???????????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???-????????? ?????????? ???????? (HIMS): ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????
- ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????: ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???, ???????????? ?????? ????? ???; ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????
- Applications: ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ???? ?????????????? ???? ??????? ????
?. ???? ???? ????????
???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????
Principle: ???????? ????????????, ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????, ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???, ??? ???????????? ??? ??????
??????????:
- ????????? ???????? ???: ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????–????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????
- ???? ???????? ???: ???? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????
- Applications: ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????, ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????
4. ??????? ??? ??????????
???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ??????????
??????? ???????:
- ?????? ?????????: ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????
- ????? ????????: ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????
- ????????? ???????: ???????? ??????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????
?????????? ???????:
- ?? ????: ????????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????
- ?? ????: ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???, ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ???? ????????
- ????????? ????? ????: ???????-??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????
??? ???????:
- ??????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???????
- ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????
???????? ???????
??? ????? ???? ??????????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???:
- ??????? ???????????: ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????????????
- ?? ???????: ?????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ?????????
- ???? ??????????: ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????
- ??????? ??????: ?????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????
?????????? ??????? ??? ???????
- ??????????????? ??? ??????????: ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????, ???, ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????
- ????? ??????: ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????
- ????????????????? ???????: ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ????????? ????????
- ?????-???? ?????????????: ???? ????? ?????????? ??? (?????????) ??? ?????? ????
Iron ore beneficiation is a complex, multi-stage process involving crushing, grinding, classification, concentration, dewatering, and agglomeration. Each stage requires specialized equipment and techniques tailored to the ore’s mineralogy and physical characteristics. Advances in beneficiation technology continue to improve recovery rates, product quality, and environmental sustainability, ensuring the efficient use of iron ore resources to meet global steel demand.
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