°Õ²¹°ì²¹¾±³Ù²¹·É²¹£ºAna amfani da masana'antar gurarin da kankana don samar da ingantaccen gurarin aikin gini. Yayin da aka tsara wa?annan masana'antu don aiki lafiya, akwai wasu matsalolin da yawanci suke faruwa.

Ana amfani da masana'antar gurarin da kankana don samar da ingantaccen gurarin aikin gini. Yayin da aka tsara wa?annan masana'antu don aiki lafiya,

Sand And Gravel Aggregate Plants

1. Hukumar kula da inganci na kayan aiki na farko

  1. Dutsen, ma'adinai, magudanar

    kafin a fara fitar da kayan aiki na farko, dole ne a cire saman saman wurin aiki kuma a tabbatar cewa saman wurin aikin da za a fitar da kayan aiki ba ya dauke ciyawa, ?asa, da sauran abubuwa. A lokacin cirewar saman, dole ne a yi kokarin tabbatar da cewa an kammala a lokaci guda, kuma dole ne a bar wani fa?in yankin kariya domin gujewa rawar da za ta taso yayin fitar da kayan aiki, wanda zai iya sa ?asa a iyakar yankin ta fa?i kuma ta ha?u da kayan aikin.

  2. Yawancin sharar gini, kamar sharar konkreti da sauran kayan gini.

    An ?aramin kayan aikin gini ana bada shawara a yi masa magance farko, wanda hakan ya hada da rarraba manyan kayan ado da hannu, da amfani da injin hydraulic don rage girman kayan. Bayan an rarraba kayan da cire manyan yashi, a saka kayan gini a cikin injin karya da injin rarraba don rarrabe ?asa da sauran kayan, sannan a cire ?arfe da kayan ?arfe daga kayan gini ta amfani da injin cire ?arfe, wanda zai tabbatar da ingancin samfuran da aka gama.

2. Sarrafa adadin yashi

Sarrafa adadin yashi a cikin ?asa da ?arfe da aka gama ya hada da sarrafa tushe, tsarin sarrafawa da fasaha.

Sarrafawar kula da tushe (source control) galibi tana nufin tsara aikin ginin wurin kayan gini da kyau, gaba?aya a bambanta tsakanin kayan da aka yi wa yanayi ?asa da ?arfi da wa?anda aka yi wa yanayi ?arfi, kuma a yi amfani da kayan da aka yi wa yanayi ?arfi a matsayin kayan sharar gini.

Sarrafawar aikin tsarin: A cikin samarwa ta bushe, ?ananan adadin ?ura a cikin duwatsun da aka karya sosai ana raba su kuma a sarrafa su, kuma ana cire ?wayoyin da ke tsakanin 0-200mm. A cikin samarwa ta ruwa, ana tsara injunan wankewa da yawa, kuma ana shigar da kayan tsaftacewa na musamman don tabbatar da cewa abubuwan ?ura a cikin kayan gini suna da ?arfi.

Kungiyar samarwa galibi tana auna wa?annan abubuwa: hana kayan aiki da ma'aikata da ba su da ala?a shiga cikin wurin ajiyar samfurin ?arshe; Farfa?ar wurin ajiya ya kamata ya zama mai daidaito, tare da karkata da kayan fitar ruwa masu dacewa; A cikin manyan wuraren ajiya, dole ne a rufe ?asa da kayan tsabta tare da girman ?wayoyin 40-150mm da matattarar dutse mai ?arfi; lokacin ajiyar samfuran ?arshe ba ya kamata ya wuce gona da iri.

3. Kula da abun dake ciki na ?ura na dutse

Yawan ?urar dutse mai dacewa zai inganta aikin kashe concrete, kara ?arfin ha?in sa, kuma yana da amfani.

A hanyar samar da ?asa ta bushe, yawan ?aramin dutse a cikin ?asa da aka samar yawanci yana da yawa. Ana iya maye gurbin bamban bamban allo bisa bukatun ginin daban-daban don ?aramin dutse don samun sarrafawar ?aramin dutse.

Gurasa na dutse a cikin hanyar samar da yashi mai damp, yawanci ?arancin abun ciki ne, kuma yawancin ayyuka suna bu?atar mayar da wasu gurin dutsen don biyan bu?atun aikin. Don sarrafa abun ciki na gurin dutse yadda ya kamata, ana amfani da matakan da ke ?asa:

  1. Sarrafa yawan gurin dutse da aka ?ara ta hanyar gwaji na ci gaba.
  2. Sanya mai rawa a gefen tankin gurin dutse, kuma a sanya mai rarraba gwangwani a ?ar?ashin tankin. Ana ?ara gurin dutse daidai a kan layin jigilar yashi da aka gama ta hanyar mai rarraba gwangwani.
  3. Wajen aikin gyarawa na ruwan kwalli ya kamata a gina shi kusa da layin jigilar yashi da aka gama, wanda za a iya amfani da shi don jigilar kayayyaki cikin sau?i. Bayan an busar da shi ta hanyar matatar fitar ruwa, an yi amfani da injin karya don canza ?aramin dutse zuwa foda mai laushi don hana shi zama ?aure-?aure.
  4. A cikin tsari na gini gaba?aya, ya kamata a yi la'akari da wurin adana foda dutse, wanda zai iya daidaita adadin da aka ?ara da kuma rage adadin ruwa a cikin yashin da aka gama ta hanyar bushewa ta halitta zuwa wani matsayi.

4. Kula da abubuwan da ke cikin ?ananan la?abi da ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun

Aikin kula da inganci na abubuwan da ke cikin ?ananan la?abi da ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ananan ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayyadaddun ?ayya

Saboda bambancin sinadarin ma'adinai da tsarin kayan da dama, girman ?wayar da rarrabuwa ta ?wayoyin da aka rushe su ma daban-daban ne. ?asusuwan quartz da kuma duwatsu masu shigarwa daban-daban suna da girman ?wayoyi mafi muni, tare da yawa daga cikinsu suna da ?ananan la?abi da ?ananan ?ayyadaddun, yayin da ?asa mai ?arfi da ?asa mai ?arfi.

Yawancin gwaji sun tabbatar da cewa, nau'ikan injinan matsa-matsa daban-daban suna da tasirin daban-daban wajen samar da ?wayoyin ?wayar leda. ?wayoyin ?wayar leda a cikin ?ananan duwatsu, wadanda aka samar da su ta injin matsa-matsa na jaw, sun fi na inji matsa-matsa na cone.

?wayoyin ?wayar leda a cikin ?ananan duwatsu na matsa-matsa mai zurfi sun fi na matsa-matsa matsakaici, kuma na matsa-matsa matsakaici sun fi na matsa-matsa mai kyau. ?imar matsa-matsa mai girma, ta fi ha?aka ?wayoyin leda. Domin inganta siffar ?wayoyin duwatsun, a rage girman toshe-toshe.

5. Sarrafawa da Kula da Yanayin Ruwa

Don rage matakin ruwa zuwa kewayon da aka zayyana, an dauki matakan da suka biyanci haka:

  1. Na farko, za mu iya amfani da hanyoyin busassun kayan aiki. A yanzu haka, hanyar busassun kayan aiki ta amfani da allo mai motsawa ce wacce ake amfani da ita sosai. Bayan busassun kayan aiki ta amfani da allo mai motsawa na layi, yiwuwa za a rage matakin ruwan yashi daga 20%-23% zuwa 14%-17%; akwai kuma hanyoyin busassun kayan aiki ta amfani da ?arfin iska da na tsoka, wadanda suke da tasiri sosai wajen busassun kayan aiki, amma suna da tsada sosai.
  2. Anasar da aka yi wa yashi na masana'antu, a'a kiyaye busasshi da cirewa daban-daban. A gaba daya, bayan kwanaki 3 zuwa 5 na busasshewa, adadin ruwa zai iya raguwa zuwa 6% kuma ya zama mai karko.
  3. Ha?a yashi na masana'antu mai bushewa da yashi mai bushewa zuwa cikin akwati na yashi zai rage adadin ruwa a cikin yashi.
  4. Sanya wani gida don kare yashi daga ruwa a saman akwatin yashi, zuba siminti a kasa akwatin yashi, sannan sa kayan kare ruwa. Sai a tsaftace tafkin ruwa bayan cire kayan a kowace akwati domin sauriyar da tsaftacewa.

6. Sarrafawa da kula da ?arfin halayen ?asa

Yana da mahimmanci ?asa ta gama gari ta cika bu?atun ?arfi, tsafta, da kyawawan ?ayyadaddun ?asa, alal misali, ?arfin halayen ?asa na ?asa na kashe-kashe ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 2.7 zuwa 3.2. A ?asa akwai matakan fasaha da ake amfani da su wajen sarrafawa da daidaita ?arfin halayen ?asa na ?asa da aka gama:

Na farko, dole ne a yi amfani da tsarin da za a iya canzawa da daidaitawa, tare da kulawa sosai a lokacin samarwa. Dole ne a yi aikin gyara kayan aiki gaba ?aya, kuma a inganta tsarin kayan aiki ta hanyar gwada bayanai game da abubuwan da suka shafi ?arfin samarwa da girman ?wayoyi.

Na biyu shi ne sarrafa ?arfin modulus a matakai ko matakai. Aikin rushewar ?arfi ko na biyu yana da tasiri ka?an akan modulus na ?arfi, amma aikin samar da ?arfe, rarraba ?arfe na ?asa, ko matakai na tsaftacewa suna da tasiri mai yawa akan modulus na ?arfi. Saboda haka, daidaita da sarrafa modulus na ?arfi a wannan mataki yana da matukar muhimmanci kuma sakamakon yana da bayyananne sosai.

A halin yanzu, injin toshewa na tsayi-tsayi (vertical shaft impact crusher) shi ne na yawan amfani a kayan aikin samar da yashi. A lokacin samarwa, girman kayan shigarwa, adadin kayan shigarwa, saurin layi, da halaye na kayan da ake amfani da su suna da alaka kai tsaye da modulus na kyau.

7. Kare muhalli (lalacewar ?ura)

A lokacin samar da yashi, lalacewar ?ura na iya faruwa saboda tasirin kayan busassu, iska mai ?arfi, da sauran muhalli. Ga wasu matakai don hana lalacewar ?ura:

  1. Gaba ?aya an rufe

    Kayan aikin samar da ?asa masu kare muhalli suna da tsarin gine-gine mai rufe gaba ?aya, tare da tsarin cire ?ura mai ?arfi. Kudin cire ?ura na iya kaiwa sama da 90%, kuma babu zubar da mai a kusa da kayan aikin, wanda hakan ya kai ga kare muhalli.

  2. Mai cire ?ura da na'urar tattara ?asa mai kyau

    Za?in mai cire ?ura ga hanyar busassun samar da ?asa na iya rage gur?atar ?ura sosai; Ana iya shigar da na'urar tattara ?asa mai kyau, wacce za ta rage asarar ?asa mai kyau sosai, wanda hakan ya dace da sake amfani da sake amfani da ita.

  3. Na'urar gwaji ta ?arfin hayaki na ?ura

    Domin samun nasara wajen duba muhalli da kuma gudanar da ayyukan samarwa da kasuwanci na yau da kullum, masu amfani za su iya za?ar shigar da na'urar gwaji ta ?arfin hayaki na ?ura don cimma ?ima mai aminci da amfani.

  4. Fasa ta hanyar titi mai ?arfi da tsaftacewa ta fesa

    Hanyar sufuri a wurin aikin dole ne ta zama mai ?arfi, kuma motocin sufuri dole ne a rufe su; ba a iya canza yankin da aka tara ?asa ba; dole ne a sami kayan aikin fesa, kuma za a iya shirya ma'aikata don fesa da tsaftacewa akai-akai.