?????? £º?????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????, ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????, ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????????, ?????????? ???? ????????????.

??????, ?????????? ????????????? ??? ???????????, ???????? ????????? ?????????????, ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????????????? ??? ???????? ?????????????????. ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????????????, ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????, ?????? ???????????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????, ?????? ???????, ???????? ?????????, ????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ????????????.

???????, ??????? ?????????, ????????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? "????? ???" ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????????, ?????? ?????? concasseur ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????-?????? ????????????? ???????????.

copper ore

?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????

??????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????????????, ??????? ?????? (??????) ???????? ???????????. ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ????????, ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????:

?????????? ???????

?????? ??????? ?????????????? 80% ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????, ?????? ??????? ????? ??????.

???????? ???? (CuFeS2)

Appearance: ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????-????? ???????? ???????? ????????.

??????????? ????????????: ??? ???? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????, ????????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ????? ???????.

???????? (Cu2FeS4)

Appearance: ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????-???? ????? ????????

??????????? ????????????: ???? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????????????????; ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????.

?????????? (Cu2S)

Appearance: ????? ????-????, ?????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????, ?????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????????????? ????????????.

??????????? ????????????: 79.9% ????? ?????????, ????? ??????? ????????? ???????????

?????????? (CuS)

Appearance: ????? ???? ????

??????????? ????????????: ??????????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????.

Types of Copper Ore-Sulfide Ores

??????? ??????

???????? ????????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????????????, ??????????? ????????????? "??????? ???????????" ????????????.

¡¾??????? (Cu2CO3(OH)2)¡¿

Appearance: ?????? ??????? ?????, ????? ?????? ???????? ???????????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????, ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????????????.

??????????? ????????????: ????????? ??????????? ?????, ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????????.

?????? (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2)

Appearance: ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????.

??????????? ????????????: ??????????? ?????? ????????? ????????????, ??????????? ????????????? ???????????.

????????????

Appearance: ?????§í§ß§Ñ§ß ????-?????

??????????? ????????????: ??????? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????????????????.

?????????? (Cu2O)

Appearance: ??????????? ?????-??? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????????????

??????????? ????????????: ??? ???????? ????????? ???????????, ??????? ???????? ???????

???????? (CuO)

Appearance: ??????, ??????????? ????????; ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? massas?????? ???????????.

??????????? ????????????: ???????????? ????? ?????? ?????????????. ??? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????????.

Types of Copper Ore-Oxide Ores

?????? ????? ?????? ???????

?????? ????? ?????? "?????? ??????, ?????? ???????????" ???????????. 2024 ????, ??????? ???????? ~22.36 ??????? ??? ?? reached~980 ??????? ??? ????????????? ?????????. ???? 10 ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 75% ????? ????????????????, ???? ????? 19% ?????????; ???? ???? ????????? (????, ????, DRC) ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????????????. ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????????.

?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? (USGS 2024, ?????????: 10,000 ???)

????? ???/ ?????? 2023 ???????? 2024 ???????? ?????????
1 ???? 550. 7 (23.9%) 530 (23.0%) 19,000 (19%)
2 ????? ????? 284 (12.3%) 330 (14.3%) 3,100 (3.5%)
3 ???? 273.6 (11.9%) 260 (11.3%) 7 ,700 (8.8%)
4 ???? 180 ( 7 .8%) 180 ( 7 .8%) 2,600 (2.9%)
5 ????????? 110 (4.8%) 110 (4.8%) 2,400 (2. 7 %)
6 ??????? 110 (4.8%) 110 (4.8%) 4,800 (5.5%)
7 ??????? 93 (4.0%) 93 (4.0%) 7 ,700 (8.8%)
8 ??????????? 80 (3.5%) 80 (3.5%) 9,300 (10%)
9 ?????????? 74 (3.2%) 74 (3.2%) 2,400
10 ???????? 70 (3.0%) 70 (3.0%) 5,300 (6.1%)

??????? ???? ?????????? (??????????? 2024, ???????: 10,000 ???)

????? ???/ ?????? 2024 ???????? 2024 ?????????
1 ????? ????? 330 3,100
2 ??????? 74 2,100-3,500
3 ?????? ????????? ≈5 600
4 ??????? ≈3 500
5 ??????? ~2 60-100
6 ?????????? ≈1.5 30-50
7 ?????? 1.5 20-30
8 ?????????? ~1 20-30

?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????????

????? ????????? ???????,??????? ?????????? ???????,?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????????. ???????? ????????, ?????? ??????? ????? ESG ????????????? ???????????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????????? ???????????.

1. ????????

????? ? ???? ??????? ??????????

Exploration

Objective:

????????? ????????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????, ????? ????? ???????????? ????????????.

????? ???????????:

  • ?????? ???????: ??????? ????, ????????, ????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????.
  • ??????? ????? ????? ????????: ??????? ???? ??????????? ?????????.
  • ??????????????/????????? ??????????: ???????? ?????/??????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????.
  • Drilling: ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????.
  • ???? ??????: ?????, ??????, ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? 2D/3D ??????????? ???? ????????.

KeyDeliverable:

???? ????????/??????? ????.


2. ????? & ???????

? pesquisa ????????????? ?????????????? ????????Blueprint?????? ??????????????

Planning & Design

Objective:

??????, ??????, ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????????????????.

????? ???????????:

  • ???????? ?????????: ?????? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????.
  • ?????? ????? ??????: ????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ???????.
  • ???? ???????: ?????????? ?????????, ?????? ?????????, ??????????? ????????? (???????/?????????). ?????????? ???????, ???????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????.
  • ???? ?????: ?????? ??????? ???????, ?????????, ????? ????????????? ?????? ????.

Deliverable:

??????? ?????? ????, ???? ???????


3. ???????

????????????????? ????????????? ????? ?????????????? ??????????????

Construction-Transforming

Objective:

?????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????.

????? ???????????:

Procurement: ?????????, ???? ?????????, ????????? ????????, ?????????????, ????????????, ????????, ??????????, ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????????.

?????? ????????: ????????? ?????????, ???????????, ?????? ?????????, ???? ???????, ??? ??????????? ???????? ????? (TSF).

??????? ??? §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ ????? ??????:

  • ????????, ??????????, ???????, ???????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????.
  • ???????, ????????, ????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????????.
  • ????-????? ???????: ???????? ??? ???????????????? ?????????.
  • ?????????? ???????: ????/???? ???? ????? ??????????????, ????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????????.

Deliverable:

????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????????????.


???? ????? ????????

???????????? ???????? ???

Operation & Maintenance

Objective:

????????, ?????, ??????????, ????? ?????? ??????????.

????? ???????????:

??? ????????????? ????? ?????:

    • ??????? & ?????: ???? ????????? ??????.
    • ????? & ?????: ????????? ???????????????/???????? ???? ????????? ??????.

Production: ?????, ??????????, ??????, ????????, ??????????? ???????????? ????????. ?????? ???????????? ?????????? (?????? ?????????, ??????? ??????, ??????? ???, ???????? ????? ?????).

Maintenance: ???? ???????????, ???????? ????? ????? ??????????????? ???????? ???? ?????.

??????? ????????: ??????? ????, ????????, ????? ???????; ?????????????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????????????. ???????? ????????: ????????????, ??????, PPE ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???????.


5. ????? ????? ??????????

????? ???????? ???

Sales & Logistics

Deliverable:

producci¨®n objetivo?????? ???????????.

Objective:

??????, ????????, ????? ?????? ????? ?????????.

????? ???????????:

  • ???????? ????????: ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????/?????/?????.
  • ????? ??????: ????????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????.
  • ?????????? ??????: ??????? ????????? ????? ???????????? ?????/?????/???? ?????????? ???????.

Deliverable:

???? ??????


6. ??????? ???????? ????? ???????

????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ????

Tailings Management & ESG

Objective:

Safety, ????? ??????????, ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????????????.

????? ???????????:

  • ????? ??????: ????????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? (?????????) ?? ?????????? ??????????????.
  • TSF ????????: ??????? ???????, ??????, ????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ????; §Ù§Ñ§Ô§â§ñ§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î ????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????.
  • ???? ??????? ???????: ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????, ???? ????????? ???????? ???????????, ????????? ???????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????, ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ????????, ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????????????.
  • ????? ?????????: ?????????????? ????????????? ?????? ????, TSF ????? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ???????????.

??????? ????? ????????? ????????

90% ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????, ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????.

??????? ???????? ????? ???????? (??? ???????)

Applicability:

????????? ??? (????????????, ????????, ?????????) ???? ?????????? ?????, ?????? ????????? >80% ????? ??????????????.

Principle:

????????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??_prefix????????? ?????????????? ?????????.

????????? ???_FLOW:

  • ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????/????????.
  • 2. ?????????: ???????? ????? ????????
  • 3. ??????????: ???????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ?????
  • 4. ??????????????: ???????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????
  • 5. ???? ?????: ?????????? ?????????? ?????????

sulfide ore flotation

??????? ??? ????? ??????? (?????????????????)

Applicability:??????? ?????? (???????, ?????????), ????? ??????? ???? ?????-????? ??????.

Principle:????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? (?????????, ???????? H2SO4), ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? §Ñ§Ý§í??.

Advantages:????? ???????: ????? ??????? ????????, ???? ??????? ?????????: ????? ???????, ????????-????????

????????? ???_FLOW:

  • 1.???? ???????: ????? ??????? ????????????
  • 2.????????? ???????: ??????????????????? ?????????????? ????? ?????
  • 3.???????? ???????: ???????? ?????? ?????????? SX-EW ?????
Oxide Ore Acid Leaching(Hydrometallurgy)

???????? ??????????

Applicability: ????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ?????????.

Principle: ????? ??????? ?????? ?????/????????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????????????.

Advantages: ???????? ???? ????????: ??????? ????? ????????, ????? ?????????

????????? ???_FLOW:

  • ???????: ????????, ????? ?????????, ?????????? ????????
  • 2.Feed preparation: crush → screen → gravity circuit.
  • 3. ????? ????????????? ?????: ??? ??????? ?????.

Gravity Separation

??????-?????????? ???? ?????????? ??????

???? ????? ?????? ????????? ? rendah ????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????????:

??????? ??????:

??????????? ??????????????? ????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????????.

copper ore Value Realization

????? ????????????:

??????? ????????????? ????? ???????? Au, Ag, Mo, ???????.

Copper Ore Value Realization

????? ?????????:

???????? ??????????????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ????.

Copper Ore Value Realization

????? ??????:

????????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????????, ??????????? ????? ??????, ?????????? ?????????.

Copper Ore Value Realization

?????????? ????????

Copper Ore Processing Plant

???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????

(³¢±ð²¹³¦³ó¾±²Ô²µ&³¾»å²¹²õ³ó;·¡³æ³Ù°ù²¹³¦³Ù¾±´Ç²Ô&³¾»å²¹²õ³ó;·¡±ô±ð³¦³Ù°ù´Ç±ô²â²õ¾±²õ£©

?? ??????????:

  • ????? ??????? ?????
  • ????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ????? ???.
  • ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????
  • ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????.
  • ???????????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???.