??????：???????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????.

???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???, ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ????. ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????: ????? ???, ???????? ??? ??? ??? ???. ???????, ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????. ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????, ??? ?? ?????????, ???? ??? ????????????? ??????????.

Metal Ore Beneficiation Methods

1. ????? ??? ????: ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ??????

????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ????, ???? ????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????. ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???. ????? ???????????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????:

1.1 ???????? ??????: ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????

  • ??????? ??????:?????????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???? (??????????, ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????, ?? ??? ????? ?????) ???????? ??? ???-??????? ????? ????? ????.
  • ???? ??????????? ?????, ??????? ??? ???????? ?????. ??????? ?????????? (????? ???????) ??? ????????????? (????? ???????) ???? ???????. ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ????.
  • ????? ?????????:
    • ???? ??? ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ??%-??% ???? ??% ???? ???? ???????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????, ????? ?????, ???????? ??? ????????????? ????? ?????? ???.
    • ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ???? ????, ??????? ?????????????.
  • ?????:??? ???????, ??? ????? ????, ??? ???? ????????? ?????? (???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????).
Magnetic Separation

1.2 ????????: “????????????-????????????” ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????

  • ??????? ??????:???????? (????? ??? ????????) ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ?????. ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????, ?? ???-???????? ????? ?????? ??????.
  • ???? ????:?????, ????, ????, ??????????, ????, ????? ??? ??? ????? (????????? <0.1 ????) ????. ???? ??????? ?????????? (???., ?????-????-???? ??????? ?????? ????????) ?????? ?????????? ?????.
  • ????? ?????????:
    • ??????? ????????? ???? ?????????: ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? 0.3%-0.5% Cu ?????? 20%-25% ??????? ??????????? ??????.
    • ???????? ???? ?????????????: ????? ?????? ??????????, ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ????, ???????? ????? ??????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????.
  • ?????:???? ??????? ??????????? (90% ?????? ????? ????????????? ??), ???? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???????.
  • ????????:???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ????.
Flotation Machine

1.3 ????????????? ??????: ?? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????

  • ??????? ??????:????????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????.
  • ???? ????:???? (?????? ??? ??? ??? ??), ???????, ???, ???????, ??????? ?.??? ???????? ?????? ?????????.
  • ????? ?????????:
    • ?????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????, ???????? 95% ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????.
    • ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????, ???????? ?????????????? 70%-80% ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????.
  • ?????:??????? ???????? ??????? ????, ????? ??? ????, ???? ??????.
  • ????????:????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????????.
Gravity Separation

1.4 ??????? ????? ??????: ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????

  • ??????? ??????:??????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ???? (???., ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????, ?? ???????? ????? ?? ????) ???? ??????? ??????????, ???? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?????.
  • ???? ????:??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????, ?????????, ???????, ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? (??????????, ???????/????/???? ??????????????? ???-?????????? ????? ????????) ??????? ?????? ????.
  • ????? ?????????:
    • ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????: ?????? ?????, ???????????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???-?????????? ?????????????? ????? ????.
    • ???????? ?????????: ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????.
  • ?????:???? ?????? ??????, ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????.
  • ????????:???????????? ????????? (????? ????? ?????? ???), ??? ???????, ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????.

2. ???????? ?????????: ???? ?????????? "????? ??????"

?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? (???., ??????????? ?????, ???? ?????????), ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????, ?????????:

2.1 ??????: ???? ??????? “????? ??? ????? ?????”

  • ??????? ??????:???????? ???????? ???????????? (?????, ??????, ????? ???????? ?????????????) ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? (PLS) ????? ???????, ??????? ???? ???????????? ???? ???? (???., ??? ?????, ?????????, ????? ?????????????????????).
  • ???? ????:???? (??????????), ?????, ????? (??? ??????), ?????, ???????, ??? ??? ??????????? ????.
  • ??? ?????:
    • ???? ??????????: ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ????; ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? (????????????? ≥90%). ???????污染 ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???.
    • ????? ??? ??????: ???-???????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??? (0.2%-0.5% Cu) ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????; ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????????? (SX-EW) ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???? (???-???????? ???????? ????????? ????-????).

?.? ?????-?????? ??????? ?????????

  • ??????? ??????:???????? ????? ???? ????????? (300-1000°C) ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? (???., ???????????? ????? ?????????? ?????), ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????.
  • ???? ????:????????? ????????? (???., ???? ???????, ???? ???????) ??? ??????? ??? (???., ????????).
  • ??? ?????:
    • ????? ??????? ????????: ????? ????????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ????, ?? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????, ??????????? ???????????? ?????.
    • ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????: ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????, ???????? ???????? (As?O? ?????? ???????) ??? ?????? (?? ???? ????? ??? ????) ????? ????, ???????? ????? ?????????????? ???? ?????.

?.? ???????????? ??????: ??? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?????????

  • ????????:???? ?????????? (???., Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans) ???????? ???????????? ???? ???????????? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????, ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????—???? ??????????? ????? ???????.
  • ???? ????:??? ????? ???? (???., ???????? ????), ????????, ?????, ???? (????? ??????????? ??????? ??????).
  • ?????:????????????? ?????? (???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????), ??? ?????? (?????????? ??????????????? ?????), 0.1%-0.3% ??? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????.
  • ????????:???? ???????? ?? (????????????? ??????????????), ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????.
  • ?????? ?????????:?????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??% ??????????????? ????, ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????.

3. ???????? ?????? ???????????? 3-????? ?????? ????

3.1 ???? ??????????? ????????:

  • ??????? ???? (???., ??????????) → ??????? ????? ????
  • ??????????????????? ??????? ???? (???., ????? ???) → ????????
  • ???? ?????? ??? ?? (???., ?????? ????, ???????) → ????????????? ????? ??????

3.2 ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???:

  • ????-?????????? ?? ??? .→ ????????????? ????? ???????? ?????? (??? ????)
  • ??? ??????? ???? ??????? → ???????? ????? ?????? (???? ?????????????)
  • ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? → ???????? ????? ???-???????

3.3 ????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ????:

  • ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???????????? ????? ????????? ????????? ????.
  • ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ???, ???? ??? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.