Â鶹Éç

?b¨¢, g??g?? b¨ª irin ¨¤gb¨¢y¨¦ t¨® ?e p¨¤t¨¤k¨¬ ¨¤ti ¨¬m??-??r?? ¨¤gb¨¢y¨¦, ti j?? ¨¬m¨²??? pataki f¨²n ¨¨d¨¢ ¨¨n¨¬y¨¤n l¨¢tifin ¨¤k¨®k¨° ¨¤tij??. N¨ªn¨² ¨¤w?n eto i??? a?el?p? ¨¤gb¨¢y¨¦ ¨¤ti ¨¬?¨²n¨¢, ?b¨¢ k¨¬ ¨ª ?e ohun ¨¨l¨° p¨¤t¨¤k¨¬ f¨²n ina, amayederun, ¨¤ti i?i????el?p? n¨¬kan, ?¨´gb??n t¨²n j?? or¨ªsun ¨¤tak¨° f¨²n ¨¬y¨ªpad¨¤ agb¨¢ra, ¨¬m¨²l¨° im?? ??r?, ¨¤ti ¨¬dagbasoke t¨® l¨¢gb¨¢ra.

I ?e pataki fun it?s?na r?, aw?n ohun-ini otutu r?, ductility, ati resistance iwakusa fi goolu sil? g?g?bi "?ba ti Aw?n irin" ti ko le ?e iranl?w? ninu awuj? ode oni, n ?afihan mejeeji agbara idagbasoke ati agbara ti o ni idena larin aw?n iyipada ?r?-aje kariaye.

Iru oyi ti kopa pataki julo, ti o gba di? ? sii ju 80% ti i?el?p? gbogbo ?y? f¨²n il??.

¡¾Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) ¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô Dudu p?t?l? pupa p?lu didan iridescent.

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:A maa n ?e p? p?lu aw?n sulfides irin miiran, nigbagbogbo ni asop? p?lu pyrrhotite.

¡¾Boniita (Cu2FeS4)¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô Oko ¨¤w?? pupa t¨ª ¨® n¨ª ?¨¢n?¨¢n bulu pupa.

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:Giga ¨¬g??, d¨¢j¨² p¨¦ ¨® n¨ª ¨¬b¨¢?ep?? p??l¨² chalcopyrite; ¨¤mi ¨¤fih¨¤n pataki n¨ªn¨² ¨¤w?n agb¨¨gb¨¨ ¨¬fik¨²n kej¨¬.

¡¾Chalcocite (Cu2S)¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô D¨²d¨² ol¨®y¨¨-¨±w?, irisi rir? p?lu didan irin, nigbagbogbo ??l? g?g?bi ir¨® tabi aw?n akop? t¨ªt?.

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:Ni 79.9% cop?, ti o j? a?oju eruku to ga.

Covellite (CuS)

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô ?w?? indigo-buluu

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:Nigbagbogbo ni a rii ti o ni ?na asop? p?lu aw?n mineral koper miiran.

¡¾Malachite (Cu2CO3(OH)2)¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô Ibi eyan jade alaw? ewe pupa p?lu aw?n ilana ti o ni aw?n agbara ti o j?ra aw?n irungb? ?y?, ti o n ?afihan irisi siliki tabi ohun elo shinny.

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:Irun ay¨¦ irin ?pa, k¨® t¨® n¨ª il¨¦-doko, n¨ªgb¨¤ m¨ªr¨¤n ni didara ??w¨¤. ? m¨¢a n ??l?? n¨ªpas?? ¨¬m¨² ¨¤k¨²nya, t¨® ¨½ j?? ??y¨¤ am¨²l¨¦tut¨´ f¨²n ¨¤w?n ¨¬pam?? oj¨² il??.

¡¾Azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2)¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô Bulu-didun p?l?b? p?lu didan g?g? bi gilaasi

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:Nigbagbogbo lo bi ohun elo okuta iyebiye, ti a maa n ri p?lu malachite.

¡¾°ä³ó°ù²â²õ´Ç³¦´Ç±ô±ô²¹¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô Green si buluu-samisi

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:Hydrous copper silicate p?lu kemistri to n ?okunkun.

¡¾Cuprite (Cu2O) ¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô Pupa si dudu pupa p?lu im?l? met¨¢lic tabi adamantine.

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:F??mu ni aw?n agbegbe oxidi jinl?, ?ja ti imudarasi keji

¡¾Tenorite (CuO)¡¿

?·É¨°°ù¨¢²Ô Gray-black, ti a ?e deede ni il?; di? ninu aw?n irugbin ?e ap?r? aw?n ?gb? kristali ti o ni il?siwaju.

?w?n ¨¤k¨®k? mineralogical:Aw?n to w?p? ninu aw?n adagun copper ti a fa. O j? ohun elo ti o ni iwulo i?owo nigbati o ba ni ipil? to.

1. Iwadii

Ile-¨¨k¨® gbogbo i??? ¨¬k¨¤ns¨ª.

?´Ú¾±³ó¨¤²Ô:

?¨¤p¨¨j¨²we pinpin ir?l?, didara, ¨¤ti ¨¬k¨¤ns¨ª f¨²n ¨¬pinnu ¨¬m?? s¨¢y??ns¨¬.

???? pataki:

• ?w¨¢d¨¬¨ª l¨®r¨ª k??mp¨²t¨¤:?¨¤k¨®so ¨¤k¨®p?? ¨¤l¨¤y¨¦ il??, maapu, ¨¤ti ¨¬t¨¤n ohun ¨¤m??r¨¤n l¨¢ti ?e idanim?? ibi-af??.
• Ibi Mapa & Ay?wo:?e aw?n iwadi geology alaye.
• Iwadi Geophysical/Geochemical:Lo aw?n magnetics af?f?/GPR lati ?e awari deposits.
• I?a drilling:Gba aw?n ay?wo core fun idanwo ati i?iro orisun.
• I?iro Ohun-elo:??da aw?n awo?e 2D/3D ti n ?e i?iro iw?n, kilasi, ati ?i?e.

KeyDeliverable: ?ya Pataki

Iwe iroyin Orisun/Oludasil? Eran.

2. I?akoso & Ap?r?

N?i?? aw?n abajade iwadii sinu aw?n awo?e ti a le gbe kal?.

?´Ú¾±³ó¨¤²Ô:

?e ap?r? aw?n ila i?el?p? to munadoko, ?r?-aje, ati ailewu.

???? pataki:

• Iwadi I?e:?e ay?wo ?r?-aje ati im?-?r?.
• Iwe-??? & I?una:Gba aw?n iwe-a?? ayika ati inawo.
• Ap?r? Ibi-Ita:?e ¨¤t¨²n?e irin??, ¨¤w?n ?na ti a le w?l¨¦, ¨¤w?n ?na ¨¬k¨®p?? (¨¤t¨¨t¨¨/il¨¨?). ?³Ù¨° ?y??n¨¤ ???, ?³Ù¨° ?m¨²l?k¨°k¨°r¨° ¨¤ti ?³Ù¨° ?d¨ªka.
• Ik?k? aaye:K? aw?n ?na iraye, aw?n ile-i??, ki o si j? ki aw?n in¨¢ bori.

I?? ti a ?e.

Iroyin Iwadi Ipele, Ap?r? Ibi i?? aw?n ?l?.

3. Ikole

?i?ejade aw?n ap?r? si aw?n amayederun ti ara.

?´Ú¾±³ó¨¤²Ô:

J? ki ikole to ga jul? fun i?a?i?? yarayara.

???? pataki:

?°ù¨°²â¨¬²Ô:I?owo agbaye ti aw?n apaniyan, aw?n ?r? b??lu, aw?n s??li ifas?yin, aw?n thickeners, aw?n faaji, aw?n pompu, aw?n k?k?, aw?n ?na ?i?e ada?e.

I??? Il??:Itunj?p?? il??, ??n¨¤, ipil? ??r?, kiko amayederun, dam ib?r? fun ibi ipam? aw?n ?ru (TSF).

Fifi ?r? S?d¨¢ ati I??l?:

• Fi sori ?r? ati t?pas?? ?r? ik?lu, grinding, iyas?t?, ilosoke, ati ?r? ¨¤fil?? g?g? bi ?i?an ilana.
• Fi pip?, itanna, ati aw?n ?na ?r? ada?e sori.
• Idanwo ?r? kan: J?risi i??? k??kan.
• Idanwo y¨¹k: ?e i??? p?lu il??/omi, ni ir?run mu p? si agbara ap?r? ati aw?n i?iro.

I?? ti a ?e.

?r? ti a fi??? p?lu ounje.

4. I?e & It?ju

Ipele i?el?p? iduro?in?in

?´Ú¾±³ó¨¤²Ô:

A?i?? to ni aabo, to ni iduro?in?in, to munadoko, ati ti o din owo.

???? pataki:

I?el?p? ?l?d? ati Gbigbe:

• Ik??lu & Ipa:Ge ¨°k¨¨ fun iw?num?.
• Gbigb?? & Gbigbe:Mo ?k?? irin-ajo lati fi ik??k?? sori ??r? nipas? aw?n excavators/trucks.

??±ð±ô¨²:?i?? ?i?e ik?lu, ik?lu, pipin, pip?, ¨¤fih¨¤n g??g?? b¨ª ¨¤p?r?. ?akoso aw?n ohun elo pataki (iw?n ik?lu, iw?n eefin, akoko ¨¬f?k¨¤ns¨ª, iwuwo ¨¤gb¨¤?e).

It?ju:I??kan deede, i??-?i?e, ati iyipada apakan lati dinku akoko idaduro.

I?akoso Didara:I?e idanwo, aw?n alarinrin, ati idap?; ?atun?e aw?n ilana lati ba aw?n alaye mu. I?akoso Aabo: ?e imuse aw?n ilana, ik?k?, PPE, ati aw?n eto idahun pajawiri.

5. Tita & Ilana ?k? oju-omi

Ipele ¨¬m¨²l¨° iye

I?? ti a ?e.

Gba aw?n ibi-af?de i?el?p?.

?´Ú¾±³ó¨¤²Ô:

Iyipada iye ti o yara, ti o ni aabo, ati ti o din owo.

???? pataki:

• I??? Ay?wo Didara:Ibi ikoj?p?/ap?r?/idanwo lati pinnu ipele ik?hin fun ibugbe.
• Iwe adehun tita:Iwe adehun igba pip? ti o da lori aw?n idiyele ?ja.
• Gbigbe Awo?e:R¨¢n nipas? ?k? ay?k?l?/irin/omi p?lu aw?n igbes? aabo lati pa didara mu.

I?? ti a ?e.

I?eduro ow¨®

6. Isakoso Tailings & ESG

Pataki fun aabo ayika ati iwe-a?? awuj?

?´Ú¾±³ó¨¤²Ô:

So aabo, ojuse ayika, ati ibamu awuj? p?.

???? pataki:

• Igb?k?le Itusil?: Igb?k?le ti a ??da lakoko i?el?p? ni a gbe nipas? aw?n ?na pip? tabi aw?n ?na miiran si Ilana Ibi ipam? Igb?k?le (TSF) fun ipam?.
• Isakoso TSF:?e abojuto iduro?in?in ib¨¨, ?i?an, ati didara omi ni itesiwaju; ni akoko kanna ?e imuse aw?n igbese aabo ayika pataki g?g?bi fifi aw?n liners ti ko ni ir?run ati kik? aw?n ohun elo it?ju omi idoti lati dena idoti.
• I?el?p? Iw?n-igi T¨ª a Fi K¨²n Un:Tun ?e ilana tabi ni ?na miiran lo aw?n tailings ni kikun lati gba aw?n eroja to niyelori, tabi lo w?n g?g?bi aw?n ohun elo ikole, fun ifil?l? aw?n agbegbe ti a ti gba, ati b?b? l?, nitorina dinku ikoj?p? tailings, dinku ipa ayika, ati mu lilo orisun p? si.
• I?eduro Il?-?m?-ay¨¦:L?gan ti a ba de agbara ap?r?, pa ati tun gba TSF ni ?na ekoloji nipas? atunbi eweko ati gbigba il?.

Aw?n igbes?:

?na ti o ga jul? fun aw?n ibeere sulfide (chalcopyrite, bornite, chalcocite), ti o bo >80% i?el?p? agbaye.

Ilana:

Nlo iyato ninu aw?n ohun-ini eh¨ªn il?-ikele nipa lilo aw?n yiyan lati mu aw?n ohun elo ibi-ere j? hydrophobic fun asop? b??lu.

Ilana Is?:

• 1. M¨²/l¨¦ eekanna l¨¢ti iw?n ¨¬d¨¤gb¨¤s¨®k¨¨
• 2. Igb?hin: Ib?r? iwap? Cu
• 3. Mim?: Gbe ipele akoonu soke
• 4. Ibi i?il?: Gba Cu to ku kuro ninu aw?n ikun.
• 5. Yiy? omi: ?e agbekal? if?kansi ti a le gbe.

Oxide Ore Acid Leaching (Hydrometallurgy) in Yoruba is: "?d??de Ok¨´n Acid Leaching (Hydrometallurgy)

Aw?n igbes?:Iw?n ?i?an (malachite, azurite), aw?n i?an ti o ni ipele kekere tabi aw?n i?an ti o ni clay p?.

Ilana:F?? k¨®p?? p?lu ¨¤w?n olut??j¨² kemikali (¨¤p??r?, d¨ªn H2SO4), l¨¦?y¨¬n n¨¢¨¤, gba l¨¢ti in¨² oj¨² omi n¨ªpas¨¨? ??r? ¨¬w¨²wo / ¨¤k¨²nya.

?w?n anfani: N?i???p?? m?? ¨°b¨¤ ??n¨¤ t¨® k¨¦r¨¦, ¨¬m??l?? g¨ªga ?¨¬lera: ?w?n ¨¤k¨®p?? t¨® p¨¦, ?ni t¨® d¨¢ l¨®r¨ª ¨°b¨¤.

Ilana Is?:

• 1. I?? ir?p?: Mu omi wa si aw?n okuta ti a pa p?.
• 2. I???kan vat: Fa ¨¤d¨¢ ni t¨¤k¨¬t¨¬.
• 3. Ik?k? i?eduro: Ilana SX-EW lati ?e agbejade irin copper cathode

Aw?n igbes?:Pato fun aw?n minerali Cu togross r??run p?lu aw?n iyat? ap?r? pataki lati ?d? ?j?.

Ilana:T¨ª ¨® d¨¢ ¨¤w?n ok¨´nni s¨ªl?? n¨ªpas?? ??t??m??r¨¨ laarin ¨¬d¨¤gb¨¤/¨¤m¨´r¨¨ ¨¤gbo.

?w?n anfani: Kik? kemikali - Aw?n ailagbara: Iw?n lilo to lopin, imularada kekere

Ilana Is?:

• 1. ?r?: Jigs, tabili idaduro, sluices
• 2. I preparedun onj?: paar? ¡ú ¨¤l?m? ¡ú ¨¬k¨¤ns¨ª ¨¬gb¨¤gb?.
• 3. Ipa ni aw?n ?gbin k?k?: iranl?w? nikan.

Imudara ?ja:

?e agbejade olomi ?ja Cu ti o le ta tabi goolu cathode.

?fik¨²n Iye:

Gba aw?n ?ja ?da Au, Ag, Mo, ati b?b? l?.

Iyipada ?j¨¤:

Ta concentrate si aw?n smelter tabi cathode si aw?n olumulo ipari

Abo Aw?n ?r¨¨:

Mu aw?n o?uw?n igbapada p? si, dinku aw?n idiyele, rii daju ibamu

Ise agbese ti ?mi acid leaching ti Copper Oxide ni Ila Oorun Gb????°ù¨´n

(?k¨®¡ª?k extraction¡ªElectrolysis)

Aw?n Anfani Pataki:

• ?gb¨®h¨´n ¨¬gb¨¤gb¨¦ t¨ª ¨® k¨¦r¨¦
• Iye i??-?i?e j? kere ju thermometallurgy l?
• Pataki fun aw?n ¨¤w??n cop??r t¨ª k¨¬ ¨ª ?e g¨ªga.
• Ko si gaasi idoti tabi omi idoti.
• O r?run lati gba aw?n ohun elo ti a fa jade ati owo naa j? kekere.