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????, ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????????, ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???. ???????? ????????, ????Deposit ??????? ??? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ???? ????, ????????? ???????????? ????????????: ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? (?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????). ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ???, ???????? ????, ?????????? ?????????, ??????????? ??????, ???? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???.
??? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ????????????? ????????? ?????? ???, ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ????, ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????-??-???? ?????????????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????. ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???????, ??? ?????? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ???.
??????: ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????
1. ??? ??????? ??? (??????????? ?????????)
??? ???????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ???????????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????. ????-?????? ????, ????????? ???°-???°C ?????? ????????, ??? ??? ??? ???????????? ???????? ?????. ?????-???????? ????????? ?????????—???????? ??? ??? ????, ??? ????, ????? ????-??? ?????????????—???? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????. ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????:
- ?????????-???? ????:????????? ??????? ????
- ??????? ???? (???????-??????):??????? ??????????? ??????? ????
- ???? ???????-??????? ??????:??????????? ?????? ???????????? ????
???????? ???? ??? ?????? (<1 ????) ?? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ?????, ?? ????????? (????????) ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????. ???????? ?????? ???????? ??-???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????????????? ????????? ?????????? ????.
?. ?????? ??????? ???? (????? ?????????)
?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???, ???????? ??? ????????????? ???????????. ?? ???????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????:
- 1. ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??? ????.
- ?. ????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ????.
- ?. ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????.
- ????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????:
- ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? (????? ???)
- ?????? ???????? ????
- ????? ???????? ???????? ?????
- ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????????????? ??????
?????? ???? ???? (19.3 ?????/??????????) ????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????, ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????. ?????? ???? "??? ????" (<0.1 ????) ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????????? ???????? ??? ?????.
3. ?????? ???? Vs ??? ????: ???????? ????????????? ?????
| ?????????? | ?????? ???? | ???? ???? |
|---|---|---|
| ??? ?????? | ????????, ????? ???? | ????????, ????????? ??? |
| ??????? ????????? | ????? ?????: ??????, ??????, ??? ? sedimentation | ?????????? ?????: ?????????-???????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? |
| ?????? ?????? | ???-?????? ??? ????????????? | ???? ???????? ??????????????? ????? ???????? ?????????? |
| ????粒??????? ?????????????? | ???????, ?????? ???????? | ??????? ????, ????????? ?????????? ????????????? |
| ??????? ??????? ???? | ?? ????? (???., ??????????, ?????????) | ?????????, ??????? (???., ???????) |
| ??????? ?????? | ?? ???? ???????? ????? ????, ?????? ?????? ???????? | ??????????? ?????, ??????????/???????? ????????? |
?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????: ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????
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1. ?????? ????: ??? ??? ?????
?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????? (???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????) ???. ??????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ????, ??? ??? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ????.
????? ?????????: ????????????? ????????
?? ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ????? ???. ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????????? ??????: ?????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???????, ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????.
- ???????? ???????? ????:?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ??????, ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???, ???? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ????? ???.
- ?????? ?????:?? ???? ?????? ????? ??粗 "??????-?????? ???????" (??? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????) ?? ??????? ???. ?????? ????? ??? ???, ???? ?? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????. ???? ???????????, ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????.
- ???:?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????. ???? ????? (????) ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????.
- ????????? ????:?? ???????, ????????? ???? ?????? ???????????, ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????, ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????. ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????.
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- ?rone ????:?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????????, ??????, ????????, ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ???.
- ?????????? ???????? ??????:????-???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????, ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????, ?? ???? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????? (??? ?? ???????? ????? ?????) ??? ???? ????. ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???.
- ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????:?????? ?????????????, ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ????, ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ????.
2. ???? ????: ??? ??? ???? ?????
???? ???????? ?? ????, ???????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???. ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????? "???" ???? ???? ???, ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????? ???? ?????.
?.? ??? ???????????
?????? ??????:????, ???? ???????? ???????????, ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???. ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???.
?????? ??????:???? ??? ?????, ?????? ???????? ????????????, ???-??? ??? ??? ????????????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????, ???????? ???? ??????????? ??? ??? ???? ????.
?.? ????? ????? ?????????
- ????? ???? ??? ?????:???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????? (????????? ???????? ?????) ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? "????????" ?????, ?????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????.
- ??????? ????????? (???????? ?????????)?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ????. ?????????????, ???? ????????? ??????????? ????, ????? ??????? "???????? ???" ???? ????. ????????, ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????. ?? ????? ??? ?????????? (??????? ??? ?????????? ??????????) ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???.
- ????????:???? ????????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? (??? ?? ???????) ????? ??????? ???, ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????. ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????, ???????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????, ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????. ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????.
- ????????????? ??????:?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????????? ???????????????? (???., ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????) ??????? ???????????? ????, ???????? ?????-?????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???. ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????.
- ??? ??????:????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????????, ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ????, ?? ?? ??? ? ???????? ????? ????? ????, ??? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ????. ????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????????? ????? ???? ????. ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???, ????? ????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ????.
2.3 ????? ?????????:
????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???, ???????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? "??????? ????" ??? ???????. ???? ????????? (??? 99.99% ?????? ?????) ??????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???.
3. ????? ??????: ?????? ???? ??? vs. ??? ???? ???
| ???? | ?????? ???? ?????? | ???? ????? ??????? |
|---|---|---|
| ????? ?????? | ??????? ?????? (????????? ???) | ???????? ????????? ? ???????? |
| ???????? ????????? | ????????????? ????????? | ??????????, ????????, ?????????? |
| ????? ???? ???????? | ????, ??????, ?? ????? | ?????, ?????, ???????? ???????? |
| ?????????? ?????? | ???? disturbance, ???????? ??????? | ???????? ??????, ??????? ????, ???? ??? |
| ??? ?? | ???????? 60-85% | ????????? ??-??% |
| ???????? ?RESHOLD | ?????????? ??? | ??? ???? |
????????? ?????? ????????: ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??????
1. ????? ?????? ?????
?????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????
- ?????? ???????? (CAPEX):?????. ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????, ????? CAPEX ????????: ????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????.
- ???????? ???? (??????):????????? ????, ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????. ???? ??? ????????????????? ???????????, ????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????.
- ??????? ????? ??????:??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? USD 800 ?? 1,200 ???????????? ????, ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? USD 600/??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????.
- ???????? ???? ????:?????? ????, ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? (????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????).
???? ????? ??????? ????? ????????
- ?????? ???????? (CAPEX):?????? ????. ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????.
- ???????? ???? (??????):???? ??? ??????????, ??????, ???????, ??????????, ???????? ??????, ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????.
- ??????? ????? ??????:??-?? ??????? ???? (AISC) ???? ????? ??? USD 1,000 ?? 1,400 ???? ??????? ?????, ????????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????.
- ???????? ???? ????:???? ??????, ??? ???? (?????? ??? vs. ??????), ???? ?????? (????????? ??????), ??? ??????? ????????? (????????? vs. ?????-?????? ????).
2. ?????? ??????????? ?RESHolds
?????? ??????? ?????
- ????? ????????:??? ???. ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????, ?????? ?????????? ?????? 0.1 ?? 0.3 ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????.
- ????? ?????????:?? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ? ??????? ???? (?????? ???,??? ????) ???? ???? ????.
- ???????? ?????? ???:????? ????????? ??? (??????/????), ????????????? ???????????, ??? ?????? ?????????????/????????.
??? ???????? ?????
- ????? ????????:?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????. ???? ???? ????????? 0.8 ?? 1.0 ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????, ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? (???? ???? >3 ?? 5 ?????/??).
- ????? ?????????:??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????: 20 ?????????? ????? (?????? 645,000 ???) ???? ???????? ????.
- ???????? ?????? ???:???? ???? ???????, ????????????? ????????????? ??, ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? (???, ????, ??????) ?? ??????.
?. ????? ??? ?????? ???????????
????????? ?????????? ???????????:
- ??????????? ???? ???????:????????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????????, ?? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????. ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? $1,200/ ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ????.
- ????? ???????? ???????:??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????????, ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??-??????????? ?????? ??????????? ????. ?????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ????.
??? ???????? ?????? ????????:
- ??????????? ???? ???????:????????? ???? ??????? ??????? (?-? ?????) ??? ??? ???????? ????????????? ????, ????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ???????? (????????? ?-?? ?????) ????.
- ????? ???????? ???????:????? ??????? ??????? (3-5 ?????) ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????????, ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? 20 ???????????? ????? ??? ????.
????? ??????:
- ??????????? ????????? ????? ????:????????? ?????????? (????? ???? ?????), ?????????? ??????, ??? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????.
- ???? ?????????? ????? ?????:???????? ???? (??????????? ????), ??????? ???? (????????????? ??), ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??-????.
?????????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ??????
?????? ?????????? ???????????? ????:
- ???? ????? ???????? ??????????:??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???????-???????????? ???? ??? ?????????????? ????????? ????.
- ???????? ?????? ?????:?????????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????.
- ???? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?????????????:???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????.
???? ???? ??????? ???? ????????:
- ???????? ??? ????????????:???????????? ??????, ????? ??????, ???-?????? ???? ????????.
- ????? ??????????? ??????????:??????? ?????????? ????? (??? ?? ???????????), ????????? ??????????.
- ???? ??????????? ???????:???-???????????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ?????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????.
- ???? ????????:?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????????????, ?????????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????. ??? ?????? ??????????? ????????, ???? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????.
?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????, ?????????? ??????????, ??????????? ??????, ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ????, ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???, ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????, ???? ?????? ???? ?????????, ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????, ???????? ?? ???-?????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ???. ??? ????, ?? ?? ???????? ??? ???, ?? ???? ????? ????? ????, ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ????, ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????, ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????.
?? ??????? Understanding ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????????? ???????, ??????????? ??? ????????????????. ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????, ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ????????? ???? ????????????, ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ???, ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ???. ???? ????? ???? ???????, ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????, ?????????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????, ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?????.
?????
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